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شرح الحديث لاتدعوا على أنفسكم .. الحديث
عن جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري رضي الله عنهما قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:
(لا تدعوا على أنفسكم، ولا تدعوا على أولادكم، ولا تدعوا على خدمكُم، ولا تدعوا على أموالكُم،
لا تُوافقُوا من اللهِ تعالى ساعة نيْلٍ فيها عطاء فيستجيب لكم) رواه أبو داود بإسناد صحيح.
شرح الحديث
اعتاد بعض الناس كلما غضبوا أن يقوموا بالدعاء على أنفسهم أو على أولادهم أو على خدمهم أو على أموالهم،
فكان التوجيه النبوي الكريم بالنهي عن ذلك، حيث قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لأمته: (لا تدعوا على أنفسكم،
ولا تدعوا على أولادكم، ولا تدعوا على خدمكُم، ولا تدعوا على أموالكُم)؛ لأن ما يحصل من الإنسان عند الغضب تجده عليه
بعد ذلك، يقول عطاء بن أبي رباح: "ما أبكى العلماء بكاء آخر العمر من غضبة يغضبها أحدهم فتهدم عمر خمسين سنة
أو ستين سنةأو سبعين سنة، ورُبّ غضبة قد أقحمت صاحبها مقحما ما استقاله".
(لا توافقوا من اللهِ تعالى ساعة نيْلٍ فيها عطاء فيستجيب لكم) علة للنهي أي: لئلا توافقوا وتُصَادِفُوا ساعة
إِجابة وَنَيْل فَتُسْتجاب دَعوتُكُم السُّوء.
لطف الله بعباده
إن من يدعو بالسوء على نفسه أو ولده أو ماله أو خدمه لا يريد ذلك ولا يقصده غالبا،
ولهذا يقول الله تعالى: {وَيَدعُ الإِنسانُ بِالشَّر دُعاءَه بِالخَيرِ وَكَانَ الإِنسَانُ عَجُولاً} (الإسراء: 11)، ويقول عز وجل: {وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللهُ
لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ اسْتِعْجَالَهُمْ بِالْخَيْرِ لَقُضِيَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَجَلُهُمْ} (يونس: 11)، أي أنه لا يستجيب لهم إذا دعوا على أنفسهم
أو أموالهم أو أولادهم في حال ضجرهم وغضبهم، لأنه يعلم منهم عدم القصد إلى إرادة ذلك، فلهذا لا يستجيب لهم -والحالة هذه-
لطفا ورحمة، ولو استجاب لهم كل ما دعوه به في ذلك لأهلكهم، وفوق ذلك يتكرم الله عليهم بالاستجابة لهم إذا دعوا لأنفسهم
أو لأموالهم وأولادهم بالخير والبركة والنماء.
مناسبة الحديث وقصته
ومما ورد في مناسبة هذا الحديث ما أخرجه الإمام مسلم في صحيحه عن جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري رضي الله عنهما
قال: سرنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في غزوة بطن بُواط – جبل من جبال جهينة -، وهو يطلب
المجدي بن عمرو الجهني، وكان الناضح – البعير الذي يُستقى عليه – يعتقبه منا الخمسة والستة والسبعة، فدارت
عقبة رجل من الأنصار – العُقبة ركوب هذا مرة وهذا مرة – على ناضح له، فأناخه فركبه، ثم بعثه فتلدن عليه بعض التلدن –
أي تلكأ وتوقف -، فقال له: شَأْ لعنك الله – كلمة زجر للبعير -، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: (من هذا اللاعن بعيره؟)
قال: أنا يا رسول الله، قال: (انزل عنه، فلا تصحبنا بملعون، لا تدعوا على أنفسكم، ولا تدعوا على أولادكم، ولا تدعوا على أموالكم،
لا توافقوا من الله ساعة يُسأل فيها عطاء فيستجيب لكم).
وفي قصة هذا الحديث دليل على النهي عن لعن الدواب، كما أن فيها دلالة على أن دعاء الغضبان قد يجاب
إذا صادف ساعة إجابة، والله أعلى وأعلم.
في حفظ الله
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